ʻAʻole wale nā ​​​​mea silicones he ʻāpana koʻikoʻi o ka ʻoihana mea hou o ka ʻoihana hoʻokumu koʻikoʻi o ka ʻāina, akā he mea kākoʻo nui hoʻi no nā ʻoihana hoʻokumu koʻikoʻi ʻē aʻe.

Me ka hoʻonui mau ʻana o nā kahua noi, ua hoʻolilo ka nui o ke koi i nā silicones i kekahi o nā mea kemika kaulana loa i kēia manawa.

ʻO ka hapa nui o ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā silicones kūloko ma nā kahua e like me ke kūkulu ʻana, nā mea uila, ka uila a me ka ikehu hou, ka mālama ola kino, a me ka mālama pilikino. I waena o lākou, ʻo ke kahua kūkulu hale ke kumu nui no ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā silicones, e helu ana ma kahi o 30%.

Ma waho aʻe o ka ulu mau ʻana o ke koi no nā mea silicones i nā ʻoihana kuʻuna, nā ʻoihana mālama ikehu a me ka palekana o ke kaiapuni e like me ka photovoltaics a me ka ikehu hou, a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā ʻoihana e kū mai ana e like me ke kūkulu ʻana i ka pūnaewele mana uila ultra-kiʻekiʻe a me ultra-kiʻekiʻe, nā mea hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia me ke akamai, ka paʻi 3D, a me 5G, hāʻawi lākou i nā wahi ulu hou no ka koi no nā silicones.

ʻIkepili o nā Silicones

ʻO Silicones kahi huaʻōlelo maʻamau no nā hui organik silicon, i synthesized a hydrolyzed ʻia e ka silicon metala a me ka chloromethane.

ʻO ka hana mua i ka hana ʻana i nā silicones, ʻo ia ka hana ʻana i ka methylchlorosilane, a laila hydrolyzed ʻia e loaʻa ai ka monomethyltrichlorosilane, dimethyldichlorosilane, a me trichlorosilane. ʻO Dimethyldichlorosilane ke ʻano monomer nui o ka silicon organik, me kāna mau huahana ma hope he silicone rubber a me ka ʻaila silicone.

I kēia manawa, ʻo ka mana hana silicones i ʻōlelo ʻia ma Kina e pili ana i ka mana hana o ka methylchlorosilane, ʻoiai ʻo nā helu hana o kēia manawa e pili ana i ka hana ʻana o dimethylsiloxane.

Kaula ʻoihana silicones

Ua māhele nui ʻia ke kaulahao ʻoihana silicones i ʻehā mau loulou: nā mea maka silicones, nā monomers silicones, nā waena silicones, a me nā huahana hana hohonu silicones. He emi ka nui o nā ʻoihana hana no nā mea maka, nā monomers, a me nā waena, ʻoiai ʻo ka hana hohonu ma hope e pili ana i kahi ākea o nā huahana a me ka hiki ke hana i hoʻopuehu ʻia.

Nā mea maka silicone

ʻO ke kaʻina hana o nā silicones e pili ana i ka hapa nui o nā mea maka. ʻO ka mea maka silicones ka pauka silicone ʻoihana, kahi i hoʻomākaukau ʻia i ka ʻoihana ma ka hoʻemi ʻana i ka quartz me ka coke i loko o ka umu arc uila.

Hoʻopau ka hana ʻana o ka silicone ʻoihana i ka nui o ka ʻaihao silicone a me ka ikehu, a ke kumu nei i ka haumia nui o ke kaiapuni. No laila, ʻo ka lako paʻa a kiʻekiʻe o nā mea maka silicone ʻoihana ua lilo i mea hōʻoia kumu no ka hana ʻana i nā silicones.

Wahi a SAGSI, i ka makahiki 2020, ʻo ka nui o ka hana silicone ʻoihana honua he 6.23 miliona tons, ʻoiai ʻo ka nui o ka hana ʻana o Kina he 4.82 miliona tons, e helu ana i 77.4%.

Silika

Nā monomers a me nā mea waena o Silicones

ʻO ka lako kūloko o nā monomers silicones a me nā intermediates e hōʻike ana ma mua o 50% o ka huina honua, e lilo ia i mea hoʻolako nui loa o nā monomers silicones a me nā intermediates ma ka honua. Ma muli o ke kūlana paʻa ʻole o nā monomers silicones, hoʻohui pinepine nā ʻoihana i nā monomers i loko o nā intermediates e like me DMC (dimethylsiloxane) a i ʻole D4 no ke kūʻai aku.

Aia kekahi mau ʻano like ʻole a me nā kikoʻī o nā monomers silicones a me nā mea waena.

ʻO Dimethyldichlorosilane ka monomer silicones i hoʻohana nui ʻia i kēia manawa, e helu ana ma mua o 90% o ka nui o ka monomer.

He kiʻekiʻe ka paepae komo no ka ʻoihana silicones, i hoʻokiʻekiʻe ʻia i 200000 tons a koi ʻia ma ka liʻiliʻi he 1.5 biliona yuan o ke kapikala hoʻopukapuka. ʻO ka paepae komo ʻoihana kiʻekiʻe e paipai i ke ʻano o ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka mana hana monomer i nā ʻoihana alakaʻi.

I kēia manawa, he kakaikahi wale nō nā ʻoihana i loaʻa ka hōʻiliʻili ʻenehana lawa a ua hoʻokō i ka hana nui ʻana, me ka ʻoi aku o 90% o ka hiki ke hana i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ma waena o nā ʻoihana 11 kiʻekiʻe.

ʻO ka nui o ka mana hana o ka silicones monomer e hāʻawi pū i kahi ākea o ke kūkākūkā ʻana no nā ʻoihana ma hope.

ʻO Dichlorodimethylsilane

Ma ke ʻano o ka lako, he nui nā ʻoihana silicones alakaʻi ma Kina e loaʻa nā papahana e hoʻomau nei a i ʻole nā ​​​​hoʻolālā hou. E hoʻopili ʻia ka mana hana hou i ka hana ʻana mai 2022 a 2023, a ke kokoke nei ka mana hana o ka ʻoihana e komo i kahi pōʻaiapuni hoʻonui wikiwiki.

Wahi a ka ʻikepili mai Baichuan Yingfu, e hoʻopukapuka nā ʻoihana e like me Hesheng Silicon Industry, Yunnan Energy Investment, a me Dongyue Silicon Materials ma kahi o 1.025 miliona tone o ka hiki ke hana i nā silicones i kēia makahiki. Ke hoʻopukapuka nei nā ʻoihana e like me New Special Energy, Asia Silicon Industry, a me Sichuan Yongxiang i ka hiki ke hana i nā silicon polycrystalline, e hoʻokele ana i ka piʻi ʻana o ke koi no nā silicones ʻoihana.

Ua wānana ʻo SAGSI e ʻoi aku ka nui o ka hana ʻana o Kina i nā silicones methyl monomers ma mua o 6 miliona tons/makahiki ma ka makahiki 2025, e helu ana ma mua o 70% o ka mana hana honua o nā silicones methyl monomers.

Wahi a C&EN, ʻo Momentive, kahi hui silicones alakaʻi haole e hoʻolālā e pani i kāna hiki ke hana silicones ma Waterford, New York, e hoʻolilo iā Dow i mea hana wale nō o nā mea maka silicones ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa.

Ua hoʻoili ʻia ka mana hana monomer silicones honua i Kina, a e hoʻomau ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana o ka lakio o ka ʻoihana i ka wā e hiki mai ana.

Ka hana hohonu ʻana o nā silicones

Loaʻa pinepine nā huahana silicones i hana hohonu ʻia ma ke ʻano molekala o RnSiX (4-n), a ʻo nā waiwai physicochemical paʻa o ke kaulahao silicon a me ka ʻokoʻa o nā hui hana e hāʻawi i nā huahana silicones i hana hohonu ʻia me nā hana hoʻohana waiwai. ʻO nā huahana nui he silicone rubber a me ka ʻaila silicone, e helu ana no 66% a me 21% pakahi.

I kēia manawa, aia nō ka ʻoihana hana hohonu o nā silicones i kahi pae hoʻomohala wikiwiki, me kahi ʻoihana hoʻopuehu iki. Aia ma mua o 3,000 mau ʻoihana hana hohonu ma lalo e hana wale ana i ka hana silicone.

ʻO ka pahu mea maka o ka hale hana ʻo Olivia

ʻO ke ʻano o nā huahana silicones i hana hohonu ʻia ma Kina:

ʻAʻole i loaʻa i nā ʻoihana silicone ma waho kahi pono kūpono i ke kumukūʻai i ka hana ʻana i nā monomers silicone i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā ʻoihana Kina, a ʻo ka hapa nui o nā ʻoihana silicone alakaʻi ma waho e kālele ana i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā huahana hana hohonu ma hope a me ka hoʻonui ʻana i ke kaulahao ʻoihana.

Ua neʻe mālie nā kulekele hoʻoikaika a Kina no ka ʻoihana silicones mai ka hana monomer i ka hana hohonu o nā huahana silicones, ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā huahana silicones hou, ka hoʻonui ʻana i nā kahua noi hou, a me ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka pae hoʻohana piha.

Silika

ʻOi aku ka waiwai o ka huahana i hoʻohui ʻia a me nā manaʻolana no ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka mākeke o nā huahana silicones ma hope. I kēia manawa, aia nō kahi nui no ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā silicones ma nā mākeke e kū mai ana ma Kina a ma waho.

Silikon

Silika Polycrystalline